PMAD is an umbrella term for depression and anxiety symptoms that arise during pregnancy or within the first year postpartum, including persistent sadness and excessive worry. Early recognition and treatment, combined with psychotherapy, medication management, and social support can dramatically improve outcomes for both parent and child.

Peripartum OCD is characterized by intrusive, distressing thoughts, and repetitive mental or behavioral rituals. Evidence-based therapies such as ERP (exposure and response prevention) plus medication management can offer relief.

PPR is an intense, often uncontrollable surge of anger or irritability occurring after childbirth that can manifest as sudden outbursts or ongoing irritability. Recognizing these feelings as a treatable symptom rather than a personal failing helps parents access strategies to restore emotional balance.

Postpartum psychosis is a rare but serious condition that typically emerges in the first two weeks postpartum, marked by delusions, hallucinations, severe mood swings, and disorganized thinking. Immediate intervention is critical to ensure safety and promote rapid stabilization.